Acne: A skin condition consisting of blemishes (blackheads, whiteheads, pimples or cysts) which is a a result of a buildup of keratin proteins, bacteria and oils in the pores of the skin.
Antioxidants: known to be defenders against free radicals.
Collagen: Structural protein that forms a network of fibrous proteins in the dermis, giving skin its firmness and resiliency.
Comedogenic: causes blackheads, whiteheads or other blemishes
Dermis: layer of cells beneath the epidermis
Elastin: A protein similar to collagen found in skin which provides skin the ability to stretch and return to its original shape
Emollient: An Ingredient or product that "locks in" the moisture already in the skin, retarding its evaporation and making the skin feel softer
Epidermis: The outermost layer of skin that forms a barrier to protect the body from the external environment. The epidermis constantly regenerates itself. The top level of the epidermis is made up of dead skin cells, and underneath are living cells that transform into the protective barrier as they make their way to the surface, then die off and flake off.
Exfoliant: An ingredient or product ( eg. a grainy scrub cream) used to remove dead skin cells from the surface of the epidermis.
Free Radicals: Unstable, reactive molecules that are produced by exposure to environmental insults such as UV light, as well as normal chemical reactions in the body, and are thought to attack cell structures, potentially affecting skin elasticity and firmness.
Humectant: An ingredient that helps skin retain moisture.
Hydrate: To restore the normal level of moisture to the skin
Hypoallergenic cosmetics: Used to describe products that do not contain ingredients known as common allergens(allergy-causing substances) - like fragrance. Now that stringent allergy testing has become an industry standard, many products fit this description.
Kertain: A tough, fibrous protein that is the key structural protein in the cells found on the skin's epidermis and on the hair and nails.
Melanin: The dark brown or black pigment that helps give skin its color.
Non-Comedogenic: Indicates a product has been shown through clinical testing not to clog pores.
PH: A measurement of acidity or alkalinity. Since high(alkaline) or low(acidic) PH products can be harsh.
Photoaging: Fine lines, wrinkles and pigmented areas caused by overexposure to the sun, which are not related to chronological againg.
Rosacea: A chronic and often progressive skin disease characterised by redness and acne like leasions over the cheekbones and nose.Over the counter mediccations are not suitable for treating rosacea. This condition should be treated by a qualified physician or doctor.
Sebum: The natural oil substance produced by the sebaceous glands which the skin's natural moisturiser
Shelf Life: The length of time during which a product should be used before it expires.